{"id":10441,"date":"2025-10-01T13:24:50","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T13:24:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/?p=10441"},"modified":"2025-10-01T18:00:11","modified_gmt":"2025-10-01T18:00:11","slug":"anna-maria-van-schurman-opuscula-first-edition-895","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/index.php\/2025\/10\/01\/anna-maria-van-schurman-opuscula-first-edition-895\/","title":{"rendered":"Anna Maria van Schurman: Opuscula, 1648 – first edition. \u00a3895"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n

FIRST EDITION OF AN INFLUENTIAL COLLECTION OF WRITINGS<\/strong>
BY THE CELEBRATED SCHOLAR AND LINGUIST<\/strong>
ANNA MARIA VAN SCHURMAN, \u2018THE DUTCH MINERVA\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


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SCHURMAN, Anna Maria van.<\/strong> Opuscula hebraea, graeca, latina, gallica: prosaica & metrica<\/em>. Edited by Friedrich Spanheim. Leiden: \u2018Officin\u00e2 Elseviriorum\u2019 [i.e. Bonaventure and Abraham Elzevier], 1648. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Octavo (154 x 95mm), pp. [2 (title, verso blank)], [4 (Friedrich Spanheim\u2019s address to the reader)], 374, [2 (final blank l.)]. Printed in roman, Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic types. Title printed in red and black, and with wood-engraved Elzevier device [\u2018Solitaire\u2019]. Wood-engraved head- and tailpieces, and initials. (A few light marks, faint, mainly marginal damp-marking, lacking l. *4 with portrait as often.) Contemporary vellum, spine lettered in ink [?]in a later hand. (Slightly marked, some cockling and cracking, causing small tears and losses on lower pastedown, some splitting on bookblock, front endpapers possibly replaced in 18th or 19th century.) A very good copy. Provenance<\/em>: [?]18th- or 19th-century manuscript note in Latin on front free endpaper [?]by a bookseller \u2013 trace of historic paper label on upper pastedown \u2013 later pencilled notes by Dutch and British booksellers on front free endpaper \u2013 Stephen John Keynes OBE, FLS<\/strong> (1927-2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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First edition. <\/strong>The celebrated scholar Anna Maria van Schurman (1607-1678) was born in Cologne to a very devout Reformed family which confessed an orthodox Calvinism. Her \u2018exceptional artistic talents and intellectual abilities manifested themselves very early\u2019, and \u2013 remarkably \u2013 she \u2018was given the same education as her brothers, and under the tutelage of her father she learned quickly and eagerly a wide variety of subjects: arithmetic, geography, astronomy, music, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, and a large number of Oriental and modern languages, as well as theology, which became increasingly important for her\u2019 (M. Bijvoet, \u2018Anna-Maria van Schurman 1607-1678\u2019 in K.M. Wilson, P. Schlueter, J. Schlueter (eds), Women Writers of Great Britain and Europe: An Encyclopedia<\/em> (New York and London, 1997), pp. 419-420 at pp. 419-420). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Like many other Reformed Germans, to avoid persecution the van Schurman family emigrated to the Netherlands in 1615, where they settled in Utrecht. In 1623 the family moved to Franeker, so that Anna Maria van Schurman\u2019s brothers could study at the renowned university in the city, but, following the death of their father shortly afterwards, the family returned to Utrecht. In 1636 the new university at Utrecht was opened, and an ode to celebrate the event was commissioned from van Schurman (\u2018Inclytae et antiquae urbi Trajectinae Nova Academia nuperrime donatae gratulatur Anna Maria a Schurman\u2019), in which she bemoaned the exclusion of women from the institution\u2019s hallowed halls. Nonetheless, Gisbert Voetius, the Rector of Utrecht University and an influential figure in the Dutch Reformed Church, allowed van Schurman to attend lectures at the university (although she listened from a place which was concealed from the other students) and she also took part in the university\u2019s disputations \u2013 thus making her the first female university student in Holland (and, quite probably, Europe).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Van Schurman \u2018elicited admiration for her erudition, particularly her proficiency in many languages \u2013 Dutch, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, German, English, French and Italian, also Syriac, Chaldaeic, Arabic and Turkish, not to mention Ethiopian, for which she wrote a grammar. She used letters, a genre more easily accessible to women than sermons or treatises, as a medium to intervene in the scholarly debates of her time. She corresponded with women and men all over Europe, with philosophers, such as Descartes against whom she eventually turned, following the narrow- minded example of the church, with theologians, physicians, poets and writers, with the Queen of Sweden and the princess Elizabeth, whose mother had been the \u201cwinter queen\u201d of Bohemia\u2019 (W. St Clair and I. Maassen (eds), Conduct Literature for Women, Part II, 1640-1710<\/em> (Abingdon and New York, 2016), pp. 215-216). The death of van Schurman\u2019s mother in 1637, meant she became responsible for the household, and, some years later, the care of two elderly aunts Agnes and Sybille von Harff (with whom she would stay in Cologne in 1653-1654, thus allowing some limited participation in the intellectual life of the city).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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Anna Maria van Schurman\u2019s writings had first appeared in print in 1636, but the publication of Opuscula hebraea, graeca, latina, gallica: prosaica & metrica<\/em> was instrumental in establishing her international reputation. The volume was edited by Friedrich Spanheim, Rector of Leiden University, where he was professor of theology, and it collected both published and unpublished writings by van Schurman, in a variety of languages. Although the author had initially doubted the worth of or need for the volume, she was delighted by Spanheim\u2019s edition, as she wrote to him on 15 August 1648 after receiving a copy: \u2018[l]es exemplaires de mes letters, qu\u2019il vous a pl\u00fb m\u2019envoyer, tesmoignent assez, combi\u00e9 je suis redevable \u00e0 vostre affection & courtoisie, qui leur ont procure un si beau jour\u2019 (Opuscula hebraea, graeca, latina, gallica: prosaica & metrica <\/em>(Leiden, 1650), p. 375). The first edition was very well received, and Spanheim was working on a second edition at the time of his death in 1649. This second, revised edition (which included the letter quoted above) was published by the Elzeviers in 1650, and a third edition was published at Utrecht by Johannes Janssonius van Waesberge I in 1652. All three of these editions included an engraved portrait of the author, but it is often missing (as here); indeed, Willems, writing in 1880, commented that the engraved portrait \u2018manque souvent, dans les trois \u00e9ditions\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Despite the fame of the author \u2013 who was known to her contemporaries as the \u2018Star of Utrecht\u2019 or the \u2018Dutch Minerva\u2019 \u2013 and its positive reception, no further editions of Opuscula hebraea, graeca, latina, gallica: prosaica & metrica<\/em> were published in Holland during the seventeenth century. This may be due primarily to two reasons, one personal and one beyond the author\u2019s control; in the years following the publication of the book, its author had moved away from the Reformed Church and had been increasingly drawn to the teachings of Jean de Labadie, a former Jesuit who had become a Reformed minister and advocated a radical reformation of the Reformed Church\u2019s practices. Anna Maria van Schurman\u2019s brother Johan Godschalk van Schurman (c<\/em>. 1605-1664) had met de Labadie in Geneva in 1662, and both siblings corresponded with de Labadie. Following a letter from Anna Maria van Schurman inviting him to Utrecht, de Labadie arrived in the city in 1666, and during the following year van Schurman became fully committed to the doctrines of Labadie, renouncing her previous life to join his community and leaving Utrecht for good in 1669. While she continued to publish on theological questions as a Labadist, van Schurman may have prohibited further editions of her earlier works; additionally, the widespread unpopularity of the Labadists may have deterred potential publishers. The second reason was the inclusion of the book on the Index librorum prohibitorum <\/em>of the Roman Catholic Church in 1658 (cf<\/em>. P. van Beek, The First Female University Student: Anna Maria van Schurman (1636)<\/em> (Utrecht, 2010), p. 107).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This copy is bound in a contemporary vellum binding and has an early manuscript note on the front free endpaper describing it as a \u2018Liber rar[issim]us\u2019 and citing Johann Vogt\u2019s Catalogus historico-criticus librorum rariorum<\/em>, which first listed this title in the third edition of 1747. It was later in the library of the noted bibliophile Stephen Keynes, a great-grandson of Charles Darwin, the founder and chairman of the Charles Darwin Trust, and, like his father Sir Geoffrey Keynes, a member of the Roxburghe Club.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J.-C. Brunet, Manuel du libraire et de l\u2019amateur de livres<\/em> (1864), vol. V, col. 230; STCN 83370219X; J. Vogt, Catalogus historico-criticus librorum rariorum<\/em> (1793), pp. 772-773; A. Willems, Les Elzevier<\/em> (1880), 649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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