{"id":4546,"date":"2021-02-10T13:21:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-10T13:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/?p=4546"},"modified":"2024-08-28T10:40:25","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T10:40:25","slug":"hogarth-sleeping-congregation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/index.php\/2021\/02\/10\/hogarth-sleeping-congregation\/","title":{"rendered":"William Hogarth: The Sleeping Congregation, 1762. \u00a3150"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HOGARTH, William.<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2018The Sleeping Congregation &#8230; Retouched &amp; Improved April 21 1762 by the Author\u2019. [London]: \u2018Wm Hogarth &#8230; April 21 1762\u2019 [?but&nbsp;Baldwin, Cradock and Joy, 1822].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Etched and engraved print on wove paper by and after Hogarth (platemark: 265 x 210mm; sheet: 280 x 225mm). (A few light marginal marks, silked on verso). Verso of sheet hinged onto modern mount (traces of earlier hinges visible).&nbsp;<em>Provenance<\/em>: pencilled number \u201838\u2019 on verso of sheet in an early 20th-century hand \u2013&nbsp;<strong>Stephen John Keynes OBE, FLS<\/strong>&nbsp;(1927-2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"438\" src=\"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_01.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4548\" style=\"width:440px;height:551px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_01.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_01-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_01-280x350.jpg 280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fourth state, [?]early nineteenth-century issue.&nbsp;<\/strong>The painter and engraver William Hogarth&nbsp;(1697-1764), was unable to study at university or train in a profession due to the debts his father accrued in failed attempts to publish Latin and Greek textbooks and establish a Latin-speaking coffeehouse in London. Therefore, Hogarth was apprenticed to the silver-plate engraver Ellis Gamble from&nbsp;<em>circa<\/em>&nbsp;1714 onwards and in 1720 he set up as a copper-engraver, the same year in which he enrolled at the St Martin\u2019s Lane Academy. In 1724 Hogarth joined James Thornhill\u2019s drawing school in Covent Garden and his marriage to Thornhill\u2019s daughter Jane in 1729 opened up new commissions and opportunities for him. In the early 1730s he had much success as a painter of conversation pieces, and also developed his \u2018modern moral subjects\u2019 \u2013 \u2018pictorial narratives of contemporary-life subjects in series\u2019 (ODNB) \u2013 which famously included&nbsp;<em>A Harlot\u2019s Progress<\/em>&nbsp;(the engravings of the paintings published by subscription in 1732) and&nbsp;<em>A Rake\u2019s Progress<\/em>&nbsp;(completed 1734). The later 1730s and 1740s saw Hogarth\u2019s establishment as a portraitist, and eventually he would be named the \u2018father of British painting\u2019 (ODNB).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hogarth is perhaps still best known for the satires that established his fame from 1721 onwards, including this engraved plate, \u2018The Sleeping Congregation\u2019. Based on a rough oil sketch of 1728 \u2013 and possibly inspired by \u2018the universal sleep that concluded the third book of Pope\u2019s&nbsp;<em>Dunciad Variorum<\/em>&nbsp;(1729)\u2019 (Paulson) \u2013 the \u2018scene is a perpendicular Gothic, an iconoclasted Anglican church. Roman Catholic idolatry has been expunged. [&#8230;] [I]n the one remaining piece of stained glass, the cross has been replaced by the&nbsp;<em>royal<\/em>&nbsp;cross of St. George. The only trace of art is the disjointed angel who now serves as a supporter of the royal arms. Worship has only been displaced from images of God to the monarch [&#8230;] [or] to a family escutcheon, here attached to a pillar, showing a chevron sable between three owls (creatures of the night and dullness). [&#8230;] At a more popular level, devotion is being displaced from the image of the Virgin or any other icon to the sleeping young woman (with an exposed bosom) who, dozing with her prayer book open to the service \u201cOF MATRIMONY\u201d, has displaced her own worship to thoughts of a husband. From the ogling clergyman\u2019s point of view,&nbsp;<em>she&nbsp;<\/em>is the idol. But for the majority of the congregation spirituality has been replaced by \u2013 or returned to \u2013 sleep. As if the image itself of somnolence were insufficient, Hogarth adds the words: \u201c<em>Come unto me all ye y<sup>t<\/sup>&nbsp;labour and are Heavy laden &amp; I will give you Rest Mat 11 28<\/em>.\u201d On the side of the pulpit: \u201c<em>I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed upon you labour in vain Galats 4th 11<\/em>.\u201d [&#8230;] The sand in the hourglass, marking the length of the reading, has completely run out: implying both the length of the sermon and, as usual with Hogarth, that \u201ctime has run out\u201d\u2019 (Paulson).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"437\" data-id=\"4550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_03.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_03.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_03-350x382.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_03-275x300.jpg 275w, https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_03-320x350.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A number of interpretations have been placed upon the inverted triangle on the wall, and Paulson hypothesises that, due to \u2018the early identification of the officiant as a portrait of the important Freemason John Theophilus Desaguliers (1683-1744)\u2019, it was \u2018intended [&#8230;] as a masonic triangle to suggest the secularization of the church into a lodge\u2019. Certainly, this association has been widely accepted by Freemasons and the original copper plate was purchased by the Quatuor Coronati Lodge of London in 1921 (it is now in the Lewis Walpole Library, Yale).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"386\" src=\"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_02.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4549\" style=\"width:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_02.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_02-350x338.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_02-300x290.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2624_02-363x350.jpg 363w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is the fourth state of the print and can be identified by the additional inscription on the right-hand margin and the two warts on the forehead and cheek of the reader\u2019s face. BM&nbsp;<em>Political and Personal Satires<\/em> states that \u2018[t]his plate, in the fourth state, was used for \u201cThe Works of William Hogarth from the original Plates restored by James Heath, Esq., R.A.\u201d London, no date (1751.d.) In this case \u201c<em>Price One Shilling<\/em>\u201d is scarcely visible\u2019, as here, so this plate is likely to have come from one of&nbsp;Baldwin, Cradock and Joy\u2019s editions of the Heath plates published from 1822 onwards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This example is from the collection of the noted bibliophile Stephen Keynes, a great-grandson of Charles Darwin and a member of the Roxburghe Club, who assembled extensive collections which were particularly rich in prints, illuminated manuscripts, and printed books.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>BM,&nbsp;<em>Political and Personal Satires<\/em>, no. 2285; Paulson,&nbsp;<em>Hogarth\u2019s Graphic Works<\/em>&nbsp;(1989), no. 140.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00a3150<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;\u00b7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\" style=\"letter-spacing:0.5px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/shop.typeandforme.com\/product\/william-hogarth-the-sleeping-congregation-1762\/\" style=\"background-color:#003b7a\"><strong>Order this print from the Type &amp; Forme Shop<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"letter-spacing:0.5px\">Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/index.php\/terms-conditions-of-sale\/\">Terms &amp; Conditions<\/a> apply.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4567,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hogarth","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>William Hogarth: The Sleeping Congregation, 1762. \u00a3150 &#183; Type &amp; Forme<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.typeandforme.com\/index.php\/2021\/02\/10\/hogarth-sleeping-congregation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"William Hogarth: The Sleeping Congregation, 1762. \u00a3150 &#183; 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